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iframe with title attribute Screen reader compatibility

HTML WCAG
Nov 26, 2024

Expected Result: works in a screen reader

Actual Result: causes problems in 15 screen reader / browser combinations

Firefox exposes `iframes` as focusable elements, so untitled `iframes` are read as 'blank' or the frame URL is read when they receive focus.

Other browsers (apart from Safari on macOS) don't expose `iframes` as being distinct from the page, and they're read as part of the normal reading order.

Scoring on this test is based on using the `title` attribute to suppress undesirable screen reader behavior like not indicating frame contents are present or reading the frame url.

WCAG Technique: H64

Code used for this test:


		<iframe title='This is an IFRAME title' src='1234.html' width='400' height='100'> </iframe>

Reliability Trend

This graph shows reliability over time for this code in NVDA, JAWS and Voiceover. Other screen readers don't have enough historical data yet to plot trends.

100%80%60%40%20%0%201582%201682%201782%201887%201987%202093%202193%202293%202393%2024100%

Change History

Last updated: November 26, 2024

  • Good NVDA with Chrome Stable - OK from NVDA 2018.4 to NVDA 2024.4
  • Bad NVDA with IE Causes problems in NVDA 2019.2
  • Better NVDA with FF Better - caused problems in NVDA 2023.3, but now OK in NVDA 2024.4
  • Good JAWS with Chrome Stable - OK from JAWS 2018.1811.2 to JAWS 2024.2409.2
  • Good JAWS with IE Stable - OK from JAWS 13.0.852 to JAWS 2019.1912.1
  • Better JAWS with FF Better - caused problems in JAWS 13.0.852, but now OK in JAWS 2024.2409.2
  • Good VoiceOver macOS Stable - OK from VoiceOver macOS 10.9 to VoiceOver macOS 14.6
  • Good VoiceOver iOS Stable - OK from VoiceOver iOS 7.1 to VoiceOver iOS 17.7
  • Good WindowEyes with IE Stable - OK from WindowEyes 8.4 to WindowEyes 9.2
  • Good Dolphin with IE OK in Dolphin SR 15.05
  • Good SaToGo with IE OK in SaToGo 3.4.96.0
Screen readerBrowserModeNotesWhat the user hears
OK NVDA 2024.4Chrome 131 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2024.4Chrome 131 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2024.4FF 128 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
OK NVDA 2024.4FF 128 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2024.4Edge 131 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2024.4Edge 131 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2023.3Chrome 120 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2023.3Chrome 120 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2023.3FF 115 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
Fail NVDA 2023.3FF 115 Tabbing Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Silence. This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2023.3Edge 120 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2023.3Edge 120 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2022.2Chrome 105 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2022.2Chrome 105 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2022.2FF 102 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
Fail NVDA 2022.2FF 102 Tabbing Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Silence. This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2022.2Edge 105 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2022.2Edge 105 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2021.2Chrome 94 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2021.2Chrome 94 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2021.2FF 91 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
Fail NVDA 2021.2FF 91 Tabbing Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Silence. This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2021.2Edge 94 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2021.2Edge 94 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2020.2Chrome 86 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2020.2Chrome 86 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2020.2FF 78 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
Fail NVDA 2020.2FF 78 Tabbing Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Silence. This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2020.2Edge 92 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2020.2Edge 92 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2019.2Chrome 79 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2019.2Chrome 79 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2019.2FF 68 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
Fail NVDA 2019.2FF 68 Tabbing Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Silence. This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2019.2IE11 Reading IFRAME title ignored. Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
Fail NVDA 2019.2IE11 Tabbing Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2018.4Chrome 73 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2018.4Chrome 73 Tabbing This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2018.4FF 60 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
Fail NVDA 2018.4FF 60 Tabbing Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Silence. This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2018.4IE11 Reading IFRAME title ignored. Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
Fail NVDA 2018.4IE11 Tabbing Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2017.3FF 60 Reading Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame, blank.
Fail NVDA 2017.3FF 60 Tabbing Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Silence. This is an iframe title, frame, example hyperlink, link. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2017.3IE11 Reading IFRAME title ignored. Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
Fail NVDA 2017.3IE11 Tabbing Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2016.2FF 48 Reading Iframe, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of iframe, blank.
Fail NVDA 2016.2FF 48 Tabbing Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Silence. This is an iframe title, iframe, example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2016.2IE11 Reading IFRAME title ignored. Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
Fail NVDA 2016.2IE11 Tabbing Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2015.2FF 40 Reading Iframe, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of iframe, blank.
Fail NVDA 2015.2FF 40 Tabbing Silence when tab focus stops on iframe. Focus trap on forward tabbing - only when NVDA running Silence. Example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2015.2IE11 Reading IFRAME title ignored. Frame, this is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
Fail NVDA 2015.2IE11 Tabbing Frame SRC URL gibberish is voiced if IFRAME has a non-empty title attribute. One thousand two hundred and thirty four dot HTML, frame, this is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page. Example hyperlink, link. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2014.1FF 28 Reading IFrame, This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2014.1FF 28 Tabbing IFrame. This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
OK NVDA 2014.1IE11 Reading IFRAME title ignored. Frame, This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Out of frame.
OK NVDA 2014.1IE11 Tabbing Frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2024.2409.2Chrome 131 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2024.2409.2Chrome 131 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2024.2409.2FF 128 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2024.2409.2FF 128 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2024.2409.2Edge 131 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2024.2409.2Edge 131 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2023.2311.34Chrome 120 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2023.2311.34Chrome 120 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2023.2311.34FF 115 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2023.2311.34FF 115 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, this is an IFRAME title. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2023.2311.34Edge 120 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2023.2311.34Edge 120 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2022.2207.25Chrome 105 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2022.2207.25Chrome 105 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2022.2207.25FF 102 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2022.2207.25FF 102 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, this is an IFRAME title. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2022.2207.25Edge 105 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2022.2207.25Edge 105 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2021.2107.12Chrome 94 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2021.2107.12Chrome 94 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2021.2107.12FF 91 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2021.2107.12FF 91 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, this is an IFRAME title. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2021.2107.12Edge 94 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2021.2107.12Edge 94 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2020.2008.24Chrome 86 Reading This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
OK JAWS 2020.2008.24Chrome 86 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2020.2008.24FF 78 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2020.2008.24FF 78 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, this is an IFRAME title. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2020.2008.24Edge 92 Reading This is an. Link example hyperlink. In the target page.
OK JAWS 2020.2008.24Edge 92 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2019.1912.1Chrome 79 Reading This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
OK JAWS 2019.1912.1Chrome 79 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2019.1912.1FF 68 Reading This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
OK JAWS 2019.1912.1FF 68 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title frame, this is an IFRAME title. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2019.1912.1IE11 Reading This is an, link example hyperlink, in the target page.
OK JAWS 2019.1912.1IE11 Tabbing Example target. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2018.1811.2Chrome 73 Reading This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
OK JAWS 2018.1811.2Chrome 73 Tabbing Tab, this is an IFRAME title frame, example hyperlink.
OK JAWS 2018.1811.2FF 60 Reading This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
OK JAWS 2018.1811.2FF 60 Tabbing Tab, this is an IFRAME title frame, this is an IFRAME title. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 2018.1811.2IE11 Reading This is an, link example hyperlink, in the target page.
OK JAWS 2018.1811.2IE11 Tabbing Tab, example target. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 18.0.5038FF 52 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. This is an IFRAME title, frame end.
OK JAWS 18.0.5038FF 52 Tabbing Tab, this is an IFRAME title frame, this is an IFRAME title. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 18.0.5038IE11 Reading Reads out title tag of frame source page. Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
OK JAWS 18.0.5038IE11 Tabbing Tab, example target, frame. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 17.0.2619FF 48 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. This is an IFRAME title, frame end.
OK JAWS 17.0.2619FF 48 Tabbing Tab, this is an IFRAME title frame, this is an IFRAME title. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 17.0.2619IE11 Reading Reads out title tag of frame source page. Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
OK JAWS 17.0.2619IE11 Tabbing Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 16.0.4350FF 40 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. This is an IFRAME title, frame end.
OK JAWS 16.0.4350FF 40 Tabbing Tab, this is an IFRAME title, frame, this is an. Tab, example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 16.0.4350IE11 Reading Reads out title tag of frame source page. Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
OK JAWS 16.0.4350IE11 Tabbing Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 15.0.9023FF 29 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. This is an IFRAME title, frame end.
OK JAWS 15.0.9023FF 29 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title, frame. This is an. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 15.0.9023IE11 Reading Reads out title tag of frame source page. Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
OK JAWS 15.0.9023IE11 Tabbing Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 14.0.9002FF 29 Reading This is an IFRAME title, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. This is an IFRAME title, frame end.
OK JAWS 14.0.9002FF 29 Tabbing This is an IFRAME title, frame. This is an. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 14.0.9002IE11 Reading Reads out title tag of frame source page. Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. Example target, frame end.
OK JAWS 14.0.9002IE11 Tabbing Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 13.0.852FF 29 Reading Reads out title attribute iframe. This is an IFRAME title, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. This is an IFRAME title, frame end.
Fail JAWS 13.0.852FF 29 Tabbing Frame title read out twice. This is an IFRAME title, frame. This is an IFRAME title, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
OK JAWS 13.0.852IE11 Reading Reads out title tag of frame source page. Example target, frame. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page.
OK JAWS 13.0.852IE11 Tabbing Example target, frame. Example hyperlink, link.
OK WindowEyes 9.2IE11 Reading IFRAME title ignored, stops speaking at line wraps in IFRAME. This is an. Link, example hyperlink. In the. Target. Page.
OK WindowEyes 9.2IE11 Tabbing Frame, this is an IFRAME title. Link, example hyperlink
OK WindowEyes 8.4IE11 Reading Reads out IFRAME TITLE for frame name. This is an IFRAME title iframe. This is an, link, example hyperlink, in the target page. End frame.
OK WindowEyes 8.4IE11 Tabbing Link, example hyperlink
OK VoiceOver macOS 14.6Safari 17.6 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 14.6Safari 17.6 Tabbing Entering this is an IFRAME title frame, link, example hyperlink. Leaving this is an IFRAME title.
OK VoiceOver macOS 13.6Safari 16.6 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 13.6Safari 16.6 Tabbing Entering this is an IFRAME title frame, link, example hyperlink. Leaving this is an IFRAME title.
OK VoiceOver macOS 12.5Safari 15.6 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 12.5Safari 15.6 Tabbing Entering this is an IFRAME title frame, link, example hyperlink. Leaving this is an IFRAME title.
OK VoiceOver macOS 11.5Safari 15.0 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 11.5Safari 15.0 Tabbing Entering this is an IFRAME title frame. Link, example hyperlink. Leaving this is an IFRAME title.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.15Safari 14.1 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.15Safari 14.1 Tabbing Entering this is an IFRAME title frame. Link, example hyperlink. Leaving this is an IFRAME title.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.14Safari 13.0 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.14Safari 13.0 Tabbing Link, example hyperlink
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.13Safari 12.1 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.13Safari 12.1 Tabbing Link, example hyperlink
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.12Safari 10.1.2 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.12Safari 10.1.2 Tabbing Link, example hyperlink
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.11Safari 9.1.2 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.11Safari 9.1.2 Tabbing Link, example hyperlink
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.10Safari 8.0.6 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title, frame.
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.10Safari 8.0.6 Tabbing Link, example hyperlink
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.9Safari 7.0.3 Reading IFRAME TITLE attribute read. This is an IFRAME title frame
OK VoiceOver macOS 10.9Safari 7.0.3 Tabbing Leaving frame link, example hyperlink
OK VoiceOver iOS 17.7Safari iOS 17.7Touch This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 16.6Safari iOS 16.6Touch This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 15.6Safari iOS 15.6Touch This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 14.7Safari iOS 14.7Touch This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 13.3Safari iOS 13.3Touch This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 12.4Safari iOS 12.4Touch This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 11.4Safari iOS 11.4Touch This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 10.3Safari iOS 10.3Touch This is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 9.1Safari iOS 9.1Touch This is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 8.4Safari iOS 8.4Touch This is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page.
OK VoiceOver iOS 7.1Safari iOS 7.1Touch This is an, example hyperlink, link, in the target page.
OK Dolphin SR 15.05IE11 Reading Frame, normal, this is an. Example hyperlink, link. In the target page
OK Dolphin SR 15.05IE11 Tabbing IFRAME TITLE attribute ignored Frame, example hyperlink, link
OK SaToGo 3.4.96.0IE11 Reading This is an, link, example hyperlink in the target page
OK SaToGo 3.4.96.0IE11 Tabbing Example hyperlink, link

SortSite rules: AccHtmlFrameTitleMissing

Test notes

All tests were carried out with screen reader factory settings. JAWS in particular has a wide variety of settings controlling exactly what gets spoken.

Screen readers allow users to interact in different modes, and can produce very different results in each mode. The modes used in these tests are:

  • Reading Content read using the “read next” command in a screen reader
  • Tabbing Content read using the “tab” key in a screen reader
  • Heading Content read using the “next heading” key in a screen reader
  • Touch Content read when touching an area of screen on a mobile device

In the “What the user hears” column:

  • Commas represent short pauses in screen reader voicing
  • Full Stops represent places where voicing stops, and the “read next” or “tab” or “next heading” command is pressed again
  • Ellipsis … represent a long pause in voicing
  • (Brackets) represent voicing that requires a keystroke to hear